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Dear fellow Mandarin enthusiasts,
How many times have you been in the middle of a conversation with a Chinese person only to find yourself unable to find the right name for your father's oldest sister or mother's second youngest brother?
I know I'm not the first foreigner to find herself in this situation and, in the spirit of the holidays, wanted to share a Chinese family [Christmas] tree I've been busy piecing together with the help of my wonderful Discover Mandarin teacher, Huang.
The tree is comprehensive, but by no means exhaustive. If you know how to say the name of a family member who's not listed, please add it!
And if you know another way to say one of the family members who is already part of list, (different regions have different names for maternal grandparents, for example) please share that, too!
Consider this an overdue Christmas present! ;)
Corinne
Let's start with the basics
爸爸,妈妈 bàba, māma
Dad, Mom
兄弟姐妹 xiōngdìjiěmèi
Siblings
Brothers (older, younger)
Sisters (older, younger)
爷爷,奶奶yéye, nǎinai
Grandpa, Grandma: paternal side
老爷,姥姥 AND/OR 外公,外婆lǎoye, lǎolao AND/OR wàigōng, wàipó
Grandpa and Grandma: maternal side
Aunts & Uncles
舅舅,舅妈jiùjiu, jiùmā
Uncle and Aunt: maternal uncle and his wife
叔叔,婶婶shūshu, shěnshen
Uncle and Aunt: paternal uncle (father's younger brother)and his wife
大伯,大娘dàbó, dàniáng
Uncle and Aunt: paternal uncle (father's older brother) and his wife
姑姑,姑父gūgū, gūfu
Aunt and Uncle: paternal aunts (father's sisters) and their husbands
Father's sisters (eldest-youngest)
姑姥姥gūlǎolao
Great-Aunt (mother's father's younger or older sisters)
姨妈yímā
Maternal Aunts (mother's older or younger sisters)
Mother's sisters (eldest-youngest)
姨姥姥yílǎolao
Maternal Great-Aunt (mother's mother's younger or older sister)
Brothers and Sisters-in-Law
小叔子,弟媳/弟妹xiǎoshūzi,dìxí/ dìmèi
Brother and sister-in-law (Husband's younger brother) and his wife
大伯,嫂子dàbó ,sǎozi
Brother and sister-in-law (Husband's older brother) and his wife
小姑子xiǎogūzi
Sister-in-law (husband's younger sister)
Corinne Dillon is the founder of Discover Mandarin, an online Chinese school offering 1-on-1 Chinese lessons live from Beijing
(photo by vitroid)
Comment

About "stepmother", there are two translations in Chinese----后妈 and 继母
后妈:The woman who marries your father after your parents' divorce, generally, in this condition your father would not care about your feeling, even though your stepmom does or says something bad to harm you. Obviously 后妈 is a derogatory term.
继母:1.The woman who marries your father after your biological mother passed away. In this condition, there is nothing more important than you, your father would never do anything to hurt you or let somebody or something to hurt you, he will always choose you than anything( including marriage). So this kind of stepmom would treat you as her own baby.
2. You are adopted, the mom and dad you have are your 继父继母. We don't call them 后爸后妈。
We address stepmother as 妈妈 instead of 后妈 or 继母, if someone still can't accept his stepmom or stepfather, he would call them 阿姨 or 叔叔.
Nowadays, so many Chinese people think that 后妈 and 继母 have the same meaning, what do you think?
Comment by Ma Si Wen on December 30, 2012 at 4:00am Great post Corinne. I thought I would share a similar post from my blog. Some readers might find this one helpful too.
http://mychinesenotebook.blogspot.ie/2011/10/chinese-relationship-t...

Good question - I asked a friend about this and she said that you would either address your step-mom as 妈妈 or the more generic and obviously less intimate 阿姨.
Maybe someone else knows a better term?
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